A person with dementia can develop various medical issues, especially in the later stages of the condition, when their immune system is weaker.
Infection; Symptoms: Chills or sweats, cough or sore throat, shortness of breath or a stiff neck.
UTI
Fever; Symptoms: The person’s temperature is two degrees or more above average.
Flu and Pneumonia; Symptoms: Fever, chills, aches and pains, vomiting, coughing, breathing difficulties.
Dehydration; Symptoms: Dry mouth, dizziness, hallucinations.
Constipation; Symptoms: Trouble going to the toilet – the person may be unable to tell you this is happening. They may be grimacing or holding their tummy.
Depression and low mood; A person with dementia may be sad about their diagnosis and may be angry or down about losing their independence. It’s common for a person with dementia to feel depressed, angry or frustrated at being unable to pursue or fully enjoy activities or hobbies they had in the past.Â
Encourage the person to exercise or socialise if possible
Support them in doing activities they enjoy
Take them outside for some fresh air
Encourage family members to visit as much as possible
Reassure the person you are there for them
Play their favourite songs. Music is a natural mood booster and is considered very effective for a person with dementia.
The person may be unable to tell you they are in pain. According to the Mayo Clinic, between 50 and 80 per cent of people with moderate to severe dementia suffer from daily pain.Â
Untreated pain can result in low mood and mean that the person becomes more withdrawn. Speak to the person’s GP if you suspect they are in pain. The GP may be able to prescribe painkillers.
Vascular dementia can be linked to high blood pressure and being overweight, and the latter can lead to Type 2 diabetes.Â
Some medications can cause loose stools. If this occurs, it’s worth speaking to the person’s GP. If the person is suffering from diarrhoea, it’s essential to ensure they stay hydrated.
A person with dementia, especially an elderly person, can be at risk of falls. As we age, our risk of falls increases, with one in three adults over 65 at risk of having a fall. A person with dementia may suffer from problems with balance. Over time, their mobility will deteriorate.Â
Making the person’s home safe and free from clutter will reduce their risk of falls. Ensure the person isn’t thirsty or hungry, which can cause dizziness, increasing the risk of a fall.
Other medical issues can include diarrhoea and incontinence.